ACD/Name
Generate Structure from Name

I. INTRODUCTION

Chemical names

ACD/Name to Structure can recognize chemical names with correct spelling, enclosing marks position, and punctuation.

ACD/Name to Structure treats most names of general organic compounds created in accordance with Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry within the scope of possibilities and restrictions described below.

Specific areas of nomenclature, such as Biochemical and Inorganic Nomenclature, are treated to some extent within the restrictions described below. These are: natural product parent structures and derivatives, substituted amino acids, and some inorganic compounds.

ACD/Name to Structure can treat trivial and semisystematic names of many common substances and their derivatives which can be found in ACD/Dictionary.

Incorrect names which do not strictly follow Organic Nomenclature rules but follow the general grammar of chemical names can also be treated.

For example:

valeric acid, butane-1-carboxylic acid, 5-oxo-5-pentanol

ACD/Name to Structure can treat ambiguous names that contain missing locants. In such cases, one of several possible structures is generated, and a warning regarding the possibility of ambiguity is displayed. For example:

pentene-2-one	1-methyl-1,2-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridinium
Warning: Ambiguity is possible	Warning: Ambiguity is possible

II. GENERAL LIMITATIONS

Name length
Up to 255 characters including spaces, punctuation marks, and others.

Number of Atoms
Up to 255 heavy atoms in generated structure (a "heavy atom" means an element other than H).

III. SUPPORTED PARENT STRUCTURES

III.1. Chains

Apart from size restrictions mentioned above, any names of chains are accepted.

• Carbon chains (i.e., dodecane)
• Homogeneous hetero chains (i.e., hydrazines, phosphanes, and silanes)
• "a"-nomenclature chains (i.e., 2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane)
• Alternating chains (i.e., tetrasiloxane)

For example:

4-oxa-2-thia-6-phospha-5-silaoctane

III.2. Cyclic Systems

Monocycles

The names of all types of monocycles are supported within the mentioned restrictions:

• Carbomonocycles
• Heteromonocycles with Hantzsch-Widman names
• Heteromonocycles with "a"-nomenclature names
• Alternating monocycles
• Homo heteromonocycles

For example:

1-oxa-7-thia-22-azacyclotriacontane

6H-1,3,6,2-dioxazarsecine

Polycycles

The names of the following polycyclic systems types are supported:

• Bridged (von Baeyer) polycycles
• Fused systems, without multiplication of main components
• Spiro systems (including spiro compounds with polycyclic components)
• Assemblies of cyclic systems
• Homo heteromonocycles
• Bridged fused systems
• Multi-parent fused systems

For example:

14H-benzo[h]phthalazino[6,7-a]carbazole

6,17-epoxy-10,13-pentanonaphtho[2,3-c][1]benzazocine

3H-dispiro[1-benzofuran-2,1'-cyclohex[2]ene-4',2''-indole]

[1,3]oxazolo[5',4':3,4]cyclopenta[1,2-e]cyclopenta[1,2-b:3,4-b']bis[1,4]thiazine

Note: Names of some special types of polycyclic systems are not supported, i.e.,
         Cyclophanes and Fullerenes.

IV. IMPLEMENTED NOMENCLATURE PROCEDURES

All nomenclature procedures are supported by ACD/Name to Structure. They are:

• Substitution
• Multiplicative Nomenclature
• Replacement in parents and functions
• Additive (hydro prefixes and additive groups)
• Subtractive (dehydro prefixes and unsaturation in cycles only)
• Radicofunctional (functional class names)
• Variable valence
• Hydro prefixes, indicated and added hydrogen
• Structures with radicals, positive, and negative charges
• Nomenclature for polymer structures

For example:

4-(3-(bromomethyl)-5-methylheptyl)-3-chloro-2-cyanobenzoic acid
or
benzoic acid, 4-[3-(bromomethyl)-5-methylheptyl]-3-chloro-2-cyano-

1,3-isobenzofurandione, 5,5'-[(2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene)bis(oxy)]bis-
or
5,5'-((2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene)bis(oxy))bis(2-benzofuran-1,3-dione)

octahydro-1,3-dimethyl-2H-1,3,2- benzodiazaphosphol-2-ylium	4,4'-Oxybis(α,α-diphenylbenzyl)
poly[1-isopropyl-2- (methoxycarbonyl)-2,1-ethanediyl]	Poly(1,2-epoxycyclohexane)

V. STEREOCHEMISTRY

V.1. Supported stereochemistry

ACD/Name to Structure treats the following types of stereodescriptors:

• R/S, α/β-for stereocenters
• E/Z description for double bonds
• endo/exo, syn/anti for stereo centers in bicyclic systems
• cis/trans for acyclic double bonds and cyclic structures having two stereogenic atoms
• c/t/r for substituted cyclic structures

For example:

(3S)-3-amino-4-[(1R,3R)-3-methylcyclopentyl]butanoic acid

Norbornane, 2,7-dibromo-, exo-syn-

(1S,3E,6Z)-7-methylcyclonona-3,6-diene-1-carboxylic acid

trans-6a,10a-dihydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-4-ol

V.2. Stereo Drawing Conventions

There is no single way to define stereo configuration in 2D structure drawings. ACD/Name to Structure stereo drawing conventions imply the correct direction of both "up" and "down" bonds as a wedge starting from an atom in the plane of drawing at the narrow end of the wedge as designated above.